How does the application of lightener affect the hair?

The application of lightener affects the hair primarily by creating a lighter base for subsequent coloring. When a lightener is applied, it works by breaking down the natural pigment in the hair shaft, which results in a lighter appearance. This process is crucial for those looking to achieve a specific color, especially if the intended result is significantly lighter than the hair's current shade. A lighter base allows for brighter and more vibrant colors to be applied afterward, facilitating the desired outcome in hair coloring services.

While other options mention outcomes such as darkening color, stripping moisture, or adding texture, they do not accurately reflect the primary purpose and effect of hair lighteners. Contrarily, lighteners are formulated to lift color and prepare the hair for additional coloring processes, making the creation of a lighter base an essential step in achieving successful highlights or color corrections.